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Senior Citizen Health & Medicine
Coffee Link to Lower Diabetes Risk is Good News for Senior Citizens
Findings may carry high public health significance
 June
27, 2006 - Drinking coffee, especially when it is decaffeinated, may be
associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, and this study, the
authors conclude, may have "high public health significance," due to the
popularity of coffee among senior citizens, who also have high rates of
diabetes.
Previous studies in the United States and Europe have linked coffee to a
reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, according to background information in
the article appearing in the June 26 issue of the
Archives of Internal Medicine,
one of the journals of the Journal of the American Medical Association..
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The link between coffee and diabetes risk appears to be consistent
across different ages and body weights; in addition, most research has
found that the more coffee an individual generally drinks, the lower his
or her risk for diabetes.
However, it remains unclear whether it is the caffeine or another
ingredient in coffee that may confer a protective effect.
Mark A. Pereira, Ph.D., and colleagues at the University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis, studied coffee intake and diabetes risk in 28,812
postmenopausal women in Iowa over an 11-year period.
At the beginning of the study, in 1986, the women answered questions
about their risk factors for diabetes, including age, body mass index,
physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking history. They also
reported how often they consumed a variety of foods and beverages over
the previous year, including regular and decaffeinated coffee.
Based on information reported in the initial questionnaire,
● about half
of the women (14,224) drank one to three cups of coffee per day;
● 2,875 drank
more than six cups;
●
5,554 four to five cups;
● 3,231 less
than one cup; and
● 2,928 none.
Over the following 11 years, 1,418 of the women reported on surveys that
they had been newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
After adjusting the data for some of the other diabetes risk factors,
women who drank more than six cups of any type of coffee per day were 22
percent less likely than those who drank no coffee to be diagnosed with
diabetes; those who drank more than six cups of decaffeinated coffee per
day had a 33 percent reduction in risk compared with those who drank
none.
Overall caffeine intake did not appear to be related to diabetes risk,
further suggesting that some other ingredient in coffee was responsible.
"Magnesium, for which coffee is a good source, could explain some of the
inverse association between coffee intake and risk of type 2 diabetes
mellitus through known beneficial effects on carbohydrate metabolism,"
the authors write.
However, the study found no association between this mineral and
diabetes risk.
Other minerals and nutrients found in the coffee bean-including
compounds known as polyphenols that have also been shown to help the
body process carbohydrates and antioxidants that may protect cells in
the insulin-producing pancreas-may contribute to its beneficial effects
and should be examined in future studies.
"In summary, we observed an inverse association between coffee
consumption, especially decaffeinated coffee consumption, and the risk
of type 2 diabetes mellitus over an 11-year period in postmenopausal
women residing in the state of Iowa," the authors conclude.
"Although the first line of prevention for diabetes is exercise and
diet, in light of the popularity of coffee consumption and high rates of
type 2 diabetes mellitus in older adults, these findings may carry high
public health significance."
Editor's Note:
This work was supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute.
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