New Survey on Stress Says Senior Citizens Barely Bothered

February 23, 2006 – Americans engage in unhealthy behaviors such as comfort eating, poor diet choices, smoking and inactivity to help deal with stress, according to a new national survey released today. Most senior citizens don't have to worry, however, since the research shows they are the least likely to feel stressed.

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People experiencing stress are more likely to report hypertension, anxiety or depression and obesity. Women, in particular, report feeling the effects of stress on their physical health more than men. The survey results seem to tie in with what research shows, that 43 percent of all adults suffer adverse health effects from stress. Given the potential health complications related to stress, it is fair to say stress certainly is a health problem in America.

But, not for too many senior citizens. Those age 65 and older, most of whom are now retired, report substantially lower levels of stress (32 percent some level of concern) than younger members of society.

Among three younger age groups (age 18-29, 40-49, 50-64), 17 percent reported being very concerned about stress, but for those over 65 this high level of concern was only 11 percent.

Maybe this is not too hard to understand if you look at the two biggest reasons people say they are stressed – money and work.

For most seniors, they either have money or they don't and there is not much they can do about it. As for as work is concerned, it is a worry many have put behind them.

The survey, conducted by the American Psychological Association (APA) in partnership with the National Women’s Health Resource Center and iVillage.com, looked at how people deal with stress and its effect on mind/body health among women and men.

The few seniors who feel stress, and the Baby Boomers who are really stressed, may want to read the rest of what the survey found.

Concern Over Stress – By Age (Percent Responding)
Seniors Least Stressed, Those in Forties Most Stressed
	Total	18-29	30-39	40-49	50-64	65+
Very Concerned	15	17	11	17	17	11
Somewhat Concerned	33	31	37	41	32	21
Not Very Concerned	28	26	31	23	29	34
Not at all concerned	24	25	21	19	21	33
Total Concerned	47	48	48	58	49	32
Total Not Concerned	53	52	52	42	51	67
“How concerned would you say you are about the level of stress in your everyday life? Would you say you are very concerned, somewhat concerned, not very concerned, or not at all concerned?”
Americans in their forties exhibit slightly higher levels of stress than their counterparts in other ages (58 percent, versus 48 percent of those in their 20s and 30s and 49 percent of those ages 50-64). Forty-somethings are in a transition period, still working long hours but finding new sources of stress from home while others have not yet abated. Most 40-somethings work full-time (59 percent) and many cite “too heavy a work load” as one of the key sources of stress at work (23 percent “very significant” source of stress). Most women of this age group are in the workforce; they are less likely than younger women to be homemakers (15 percent versus 23 percent). To this, 40-somethings have family pressures; 40-somethings are beginning to face problems with their parents’ health (26 percent “very significant” source of stress). Yet over half (54 percent) have children at home, and consistent with other parents, children remain a source of stress for this cohort (21 percent “very significant” source of stress).

Comfort Eating and Poor Diet Choices

According to the survey findings, one in four Americans turns to food to help alleviate stress or deal with problems. Comfort eaters report higher levels of stress than average and exhibit higher levels of all the most common symptoms of stress, including fatigue, lack of energy, nervousness, irritability, and trouble sleeping. Comfort eaters are also more likely than the average American to experience health problems like hypertension and high cholesterol. In addition, 65 percent of comfort eaters characterize themselves as somewhat or extremely overweight and are twice as likely as the average American to be diagnosed with obesity.

Stress levels are higher for frequent fast-food eaters. While only 13 percent of people who did not eat at a fast food restaurant in the last week are very concerned about stress, this number rises to 21 percent of among those who ate fast food meals in the past week.

● 31 percent of women say they are comfort eaters versus 19 percent of men.

● Men are more likely than women to opt for unhealthy snacks such as potato chips.

Smoking and Inactivity

People who are “very concerned” about their stress are more likely to be smokers. A quarter (27 percent) of those very concerned about their stress smoke every day, versus 19 percent of those “not at all” concerned with stress. Interestingly, forty-nine percent of single fathers and 31 percent of single mothers smoke three or more times a week. Americans who report they are “very concerned” about stress also exercise less. Roughly a third (36 percent) said they did not exercise in the last week, versus a quarter (27 percent) of those “not at all concerned” about stress.

“People who cope with long-term stress by engaging in unhealthy behaviors and lifestyle, may very well alleviate symptoms of stress in the short term, but end up creating significant health problems in the long run,” says Russ Newman, PhD, JD, executive director for professional practice, APA.

Women and Men Experience Stress Differently

Forty-seven percent of Americans say they are concerned about stress. Nearly half of Americans, especially women, parents, and people of working age, are concerned with the amount of stress in their lives. Women say stress affects them more than men do (51 percent versus 43 percent)and are more likely than men to report more things that stress them out.Women also express concern about how stress affects their lives more than men. Women dealing with stress report feelings of nervousness, wanting to cry, or lack of energy, while men talk about trouble sleeping or feeling irritable or angry. Women are more likely than men to report health problems related to stress such as hypertension, anxiety or depression and obesity.

Stress is higher among the family’s health care decision maker. Seventy-three percent of women identify themselves as the primary decision maker in the household for health issues versus 40 percent of men.

“As the health managers of their families, women disproportionately feel the effects of stress. From taking care of children to serving as the caregivers for elderly parents, the survey found that women report more stressors and greater concern for the effects that stress has on their daily lives, said Elizabeth Battaglino Cahill, executive director of the National Women’s Health Resource Center. “Unfortunately, women are not taking the necessary steps to alleviate stress and their physical health is suffering.”

Kellie Gould, Editor-in-Chief of iVillage.com said, “Consistent with the survey findings, we hear from the women who visit our site that they are under a great deal of stress and shoulder the majority of responsibility for caretaking and for being the “COO” of their household.While women may be more vocal about the stress in their lives, we feel it is important for them to understand and appropriately improve upon how they manage it.”

Stress Affects Mind/Body Health

Stress affects overall mind/body health. Adults who experience a great deal of stress rate their mental and physical health lower than adults who are not experiencing stress. People experiencing stress are more likely to report a number of specific ailments and symptoms.

● 59 percent report feeling nervous or sad
● 51 percent report symptoms of fatigue
● 56 percent report inability to sleep or sleeping too much
● 55 percent report lack of interest, motivation or energy
● 46 percent report headaches
● 48 percent report muscular tension
● 32 percent report frequent upset stomach or indigestion
● 37 percent report change in appetite
● 29 percent report feeling faint or dizzy
● 26 percent report tightness in chest
● 23 percent report change in sex drive

What’s Stressing Us Out

We have many sources of stress in our lives; stress is generally driven by work and money followed by health concerns and children.

Leading Sources of Stress

● 59 percent say money
● 59 percent say work
● 53 percent say health problems affecting parents or other family members
● 50 percent say health concerns
● 50 percent say nightly news or state of the world today
● 48 percent say health of immediate family (spouse, partner or children)
● 41 percent say children

Twenty-eight percent of women call money a “very significant” source of stress, versus 19 percent of men. Twenty-seven percent of women worry about the health of a spouse or child, versus 20 percent of men, and 27 percent worry about health problems affecting parents, versus 20 percent of men. Twenty-four percent of women say children are a very significant source of stress in their lives, compared to 15 percent of men.

“Everybody experiences stress,” says Newman. “The key is how effectively people deal with and manage stress. People who turn to comfort food or smoking are starting a vicious cycle. Their attempts to reduce stress can actually lead to health problems that result in increased stress."

Take the Stress Smarts Quiz at www.iVillage.com/StressQuiz and visit APAHelpCenter.organd www.healthywomen.org for tips on managing stress.

This random-digit-dial telephone survey was designed and administered by Greenberg Quinlan Rosner. The survey reached 2,152 adults, 18 years or older.The base sample of 1,600 was supplemented with an over sample of 552 African Americans and Hispanics. The data were weighted by gender, age, race, income, education, marital status, and region to ensure an accurate reflection of the population.The sample size with these weights applied is 1,600. The survey was conducted January 12-24, 2006 and carries a margin of error of +/- 2.1 percentage points.

About the source

The American Psychological Association (APA), in Washington, DC, is the largest scientific and professional organization representing psychology in the United States and is the world's largest association of psychologists. APA's membership includes more than 150,000 researchers, educators, clinicians, consultants and students. Through its divisions in 53 subfields of psychology and affiliations with 60 state, territorial and Canadian provincial associations, APA works to advance psychology as a science, as a profession and as a means of promoting health, education and human welfare.

The National Women’s Health Resource Center (NWHRC) is the leading independent health information source for women. The non-profit organization develops and distributes up-to-date and objective women’s health information based on the latest advances in medical research and practice. NWHRC believes all women should have access to the most trusted and reliable health information. Informed women are healthier women.

iVillage is “the Internet for women” and consists of several online and offline media-based properties that seek to enrich the lives of women, teenage girls and parents through the offering of unique content, community applications, tools and interactive features.The iVillage Network was the number one “women’s community site” on the Web and reaches more than 11percent of women 18+ online in the U.S. (comScore MediaMetrix, January 2006).iVillage Inc. (NASDAQ: IVIL) was established in 1995 and is headquartered in New York City.

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